Balanced roll for paper-making machines.



B. D. COPPAGE.

BALANCED ROLL FOR PAPER MAKING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11 1914 B. D. COPPAGE.,

BALANCED ROLL FOR PAPER MAKING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1914.

1,171,172. Patented Feb. 8,1916;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-' Brain-ramp. corraon, orwILmnGroN, DELAW RE;

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN D. C01,

PAGE, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident ofWihin gton, Delaware, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Balanced Rolls for Paper- Making Machines, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to the balancing of rotating parts of machinery which it is desirable and necessary for full eiiiciency to operate in running balance. Although conceived especially with reference to the balancing of table-rolls which support the making-wire of "the shaking-section of Fourdrinier paper-making machmes, the 1nvention may be utilized in the balancing of other rolls, wheels, and rotating parts.

Table-rolls of Fourdrinier paper-making machines are rotated merely by the weight of the F ourdrinier wire impinging tangentially at the top of their peripheral surfaces, and hence must be inaccurate and true running balance. If out of balance, a particular roll may not rotate at all, or, if it does, will rotate with a wabble or unevenness, producing What is called in a paper-mill a whip of the roll which will vertically vibrate or jump the wire, resulting in irregularity of action of the latter and consequent irregularity and imperfection in the;

formation of the paper.- The surface speed of these wire-supporting table rolls now sometimes reaches as high as seven hundred feet a minute and even more, and any lack of balance and consequent whip in a roll results in excessive wear upon the pintle bearings of the roll. A factor to be dealt with in attaining accurate balance is the irregular formation of wall encountered in seamless drawn brass tubing used in the making of the rolls, such. wall frequently varying in-thickness to an extent producing unbalance. This it is impossibleto rectify by attempting to trim the brass tube to remove weight from what might be the heavy side ofaroll. i

The object of the present invention is to provide a structureof roll, wheel or other rotatable machine element, which readily and Fig. 8 is a -tomary to use pins, such as 12312, Fig. 2,

fnamncnn pom. FOR PAPER-mime macnmns. I

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means of the invention may be most" readily explained and understood by reference to the accompanying drawing illustrative of one mechanical expression of the invention as apphed to table-rollsyiif a paper-making machine, andwherein y Figure 1 1s a longltudmal sectional view 'throughsuch a roll; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 1s a vlew showing the parts at one end of. the

roll detached, Figs. 4,v 5 and ,6 illustrate diflerent applications of weight to meet the the application of the invention thereto;

transverse section on line 88 of Fig. 7. Table-rolls of aper-m'aking machines, such as illustrated in the drawing, are ordi-' narily made of seamless drawn brass tubing 10 out to the desired length. In each end'of the tube 10, there is secured a plug or head 11 of cast-iron orbrass constituting thick end walls for' the roll. If the head is of brass, it is customaryto shrink the tube onto the head; sometimes to solder or 'braze it on. If the head is of cast-iron, it is custo fasten the tube on the head Each plug is bored axially to receive a pintle or axle 12 I secured in place by being'driven into the bore, either hydraulically or by blows. A

succession of cylindrical cavities 13 are also bored nearly through each plug 11 from the outer end thereof and symmetrically disposed about the axis. The roll constructed to this point is then put in a balance-testing machine-the Norton running balance indicating machine for example-which indicates whether there is a lack of balance and at what side, or end, or point on the pe-. Y

ripheral surface the roll is out of balance.

In this connection, it is important to'bear in mind the difference between static balance and running balance. It has been common in paper-making machines .to'provide means for obtaining static balance which givesthe roll a perfect balance while stand ing still. On the other hand, a roll in perfectstatic balance may be, at the same time, Y

badly out of running balance. To get static balance in a roll which needs Weight at one side, the balancing weight may be applied at the other side irrespectively at either end,

' site side of the same end. If the heavy spot to be balanced happens to be at the middle of the roll, then to attain running balance, weight in similar and proper amounts must be added on the opposite side of the roll at both ends. If the heavy spot is nearer one end than the other, then the weight must be any suitab paper slipped into the particular cavlties 13 distributed between the ends inversely of the distance; that is, proportlonately less weight would be added at the endfarther from the spot to be balanced than at the end nearer to said spot.

An operator testing a roll with a mach1ne, such as the Norton machine mentioned, by the insertion and removal of temporary weights of known value in one or more of the cavities, finally ascertains ust what weight must be added in a part cular cav ty or cavities to give a true running balance. Having re istered an indication of this in Te way-as by data on slips of where weight is to be added-the roll is then passed on to another operator who 1s to make the permanent additions of welght and close the ends of the roll. This second operator is provided with metal dlsks, plugs or lozenges 14, preferably lead, all of approximately the diameter of the cav tles 13, but of various weight, such asone ounce, one-half ounce, one-quarter ounce; and said operator inserts such disks into one or more of the cavities in accordance with the indications given by the first operator. By the use of suitable implements, such inserts or disks are driven to the bottom of the cavity in which they are introduced and being of soft metal are there distorted or expanded to such extent as to tightly engage the cavity wall and be immovably held in place.

The required additional weight having thus been applied to one or both ends of the roll, the cavities in said ends-are closed by means such as will now be described.

20 is a gasket of suitable material for forming tight joints-paper for exampleslipped over the pintle or axle 12.

15 is an annular cover which is also slipped over the pintle or axle 12 until it finds its place against the paper gasket 20 and the outer end of the head 11, its peripher fitting closely within the lip 16 of the tu e10 projecting slightly beyond the head 11. The outer end of the pintle or back of the shoulder 17, the inner end of said collar being of reduced diameter and projecting through the central opening of the cover 15 nearly into contact with the end of plugll. The reduced diameter of the inner end of the collar forms thereabout a shoulder 19 which closely fits against the slightly flared and sprung inner edge of the annular cover. With the parts thus assembled, the annular shoulder 17, which is practically flush with the outer face of the collar 18, is slightly upset or riveted over the edge of the closely fitting collar, securely fastening the parts together and at the same time orcing the collar slightly further back on the axle into tighter engagement with the cover 15, and slightly flattening the flared central portion of said cover. If the head 11 were of cast-iron, any rusting of an exposed portion thereof would be seriously obthe paper made by machines using such rolls. But in the construction above explained, each head is completely inclosed by its associated cover and collar of brass, the joints being so tightly formed as to,eliminate any injury .from rusting of the head inclosed thereby.

Fig. 4 illustrates a roll supposed to be too heavy on one side at approximately its middle, indicated by arrow as, and wherein weight has been added at its opposite side equally distributed at both ends.

In Fig. 5, to balance a heavy spot at y nearer the right end of a roll, the weight is proportionately distributed inversely to the distance of the spot 3 from the opposite ends. In Fig. 6, the conditions and application of weight in Fig. 5 are reversed, the heavy spot a being nearer the left-hand end of the roll there shown.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate an application of the invention to the balancing of so-called winder rolls well known in paper-making machinery. The winder roll shown in these figures is of similar construction at both ends, only one end being illustrated. It is made of a cylindrical hollow iron casting 21 tapered at each end at 22 and having adjacent such tapered end portion a peripheral portion 23 of somewhat less diameter than the main peripheral portion 24 of the casting, there being formed a shoulder 25 at the juncture of the surfaces 23 and 24. At each end of the roll the thickened end wall is axially bored out to receive a pintle or axle 26 ceive weight-adding means insuch amount and location as may be necessary to put the roll in runmng'balance. The roll may be tested and the addition of weight deter-.

mined u on in the manner already described with re erence to Figs. 1- to 6 ofthedraw mgs.

In Fig. 8, one of the cavities 27 is illustrated as having been completely filled with weight 28 and two other cavities as having been partially filledwithweight 28. -Preferably this weight is introduced in the form of plugs or lozenges of lead fitting closely in the cavities andexpanded therein to tightly engage the cavity walls to prevent shifting of the weight.- .Where a cavity is only partially filled with the weight-adding means such as lead, it is preferable to add a filling of light material, such as wood 29, over the lead to guard against any shifting of the latter by centrifugal action. The proper amount of weight-adding means having been introduced into one or more of the cavities, a cover in the form of steel ring 30 is driven or shrunkonto the cylindrical portion 23 at each end of the roll into engagement with the shoulder 25, .said ring being of such width as to cover and close the outer ends of the cavities 27 and of such thickness as to bring its outer peripheral surface flush with the surface of the main pelriipheral portion 24 of the surface of the ro As has already been stated, my invention is especially adapted for use with devices such as rolls for paper making machines, such rolls having longitudinally and circumferentially extending external working surfaces. It will be obvious that, when a roll of this sort is used, the weight receiving apertures must be so positioned as not to obstruct the working surface. In a construction embodying my invention the weight receiving apertures are located near the ends of the working surface but are so arranged as to be surrounded thereby.

The weight-receiving apertures are regularly arranged in a predetermined way, being formed during the manufacture of the roll or other element, before there is any knowledge as to which side or end of the roll will require additional weight. Atroll embodying my invention, is to be distinguished from earlier rotatable bodies in connection with which weight-receiving means of one form or another were provided at one side, after trial balancing had taken place and the light side had been determined.

In the preferred form of my invention as shown and described, the weights have definite diameters corresponding to the diameters of the several weight-receiving apertures, the weights being thus adapted to .be

entirely inserted within the apertures and to contact along their entire eripheral surfaces with the aperture wa In this re-' being slightly expanded to grip the aperture walls. Inasmuch as the weights are inserted entirely into the apertures, they leave no external projections, and the surface of the roll adjacentthe apertures can be made entirely smooth.

It will be obvious that the weights must i be correctly positioned both longitudinally of the axis and radially, in order that they may have their'proper balancing eifect. I

provide means for properly determining the location of the weights, the means preferably' being the side and bottom walls of the apertures. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 6 the weights are held by the aperture side walls against any radial movements and the inner ends of the apertures serve to definitely position the weights longitudinally. In the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the side walls of the apertures serve to hold the weights against any longitudinal movements and the bottoms of the apertures serve to definitely position the weights radially.

While I have shown and described two constructions embodying the broader and more basic feature of mv invention, I' herein specifically claim only the features shown in Figs. 1 to 6. In another application, Serial No. 49,293, filed September 7th, 1915, as a division of this application, the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is presented and specifically claimed. What is claimed is 1. A rotatable machine element adapted to be balanced, having near each end a series of regularly spaced predetermined weight-receiving apertures, and a plurality of preformed definitely sized weights of which one or more are placed in any one or more apertures at either or both ends to secure a running balance.

2. A rotatable machine element adapted to be balanced, having near each end a se-' ries of regularly spaced predetermined longitudinal weight-receiving apertures, and a plurality of preformed definitely sized weights each entirely inserted into an aperture, the said machine element being provided with means for definitely positioning the weights in the apertures.

3. The combination with a rotatable machine element adapted to be balanced having in each end thereof a plurality of outwardly opening similarly shaped cavities or chambers disposed about the axis of rotation and having their inner end closed, of preformed weight-adding means shaped to fit said" cavities and positioned in one or more thereof at one orboth ends of the element to put the same in running balance.

4. The combination with a rotatable machine element adapted to be balanced having in each end thereof a plurality of outwardly opening similarly shaped cavities disposed about and extending parallel to the axis of rotation, the inner ends of the cavities being closed, of reformed weightadding means shaped to t said cavities and positioned in one or more thereof in one or both ends of the element to put the same in running balance. I

5. The combination with a rotatable ma-' chine element adapted to be balanced, having in each end thereof a plurality of outwardly opening cylindrical cavities disposed about and extending parallel to the axis of rotation, the inner ends of the said cavities being closed, of preformed weight- I adding means shaped to fitsaid cavities and positioned in one or more thereof in one or both ends of the element to put the same in running balance.

6. In a roll for paper-making machines -or the like, the combination of a section of cylindrical tubing, plugs in the ends of said tubing each plug having therein a plurality of outwardly opening cavities or chambers disposed about the axis of the roll, andweight-adding means introduced into one or 'more of said cavities at one or both ends of the roll to put the latter in running balance.

7. In a roll for paper-making machines or the like, the combination of a section of cylindrical tubing, plugs in the ends of said tubing each plug having therein a plurality of outwardly opening cylindrical cavities or chambers disposed about the axis of the roll, and weight-adding means shaped to fit said cavities and introduced into one or more thereof at one or both ends of the roll to put the latter in running balance 8. In a roll for paper-making machines or the like, the combination of a section of cylindrical tubing, plugs in the ends of said tubing, a pintle projecting axially from each plug, said plugs each having therein a plurality of cylindrical cavities or chambers disposed about and parallel to the axis of rotation and opening outwardly about the pintle on the, plug, and weight-adding means introduced into one or more of said closin cavities at one or both ends of the roll to put the latter in running balance.

9. The combination with a rotatable machine element adapted to be balanced hav-.

plurality of outward y opening cavities or chambers disposed about the axis of rotation, weight-adding means in one or more of said cavities to balance the element, and a cover extending over and closing the outer ends of said cavities.

11. A roll for paper-making machines or the like having in the end thereof a plurality of outwardly opening cavities or chambers disposed about and parallel to the axis of rotation, and a cover extending over and the outer ends of said cavities.

12. n a roll for paper-making machines or the like, a section of cylindrical tubing, a plug closing one end thereof, a pintle pros jecting axially from said plug, the. latter having therein a plurality of outwardly opening cavities or chambers disposed about the pintle, and an annular cover about the pint e and closing the outer ends of said cavities. I

13. A roll for paper-making machines or the like having a pintle projecting from one end thereof and a plurality of outwardly opening cavities or chambers disposed about said pintle, an annular cover about the pintle and closing the outer ends of said cavities, and a collar on the pintle securing said cover in place. I

14. A roll for paper-making machines or the like having a pintle projecting from one end thereof and a plurality of outwardly opening cavities orchambers disposed about said pintle, an annular cover about the pintle and closing the outer ends of said cavities, and a collar on the pintle having a relatively small part extending through the central aperture in the cover and having a larger part forming a shoulder which engages the cover to hold it in place.

15. A roll for paper-making machines or 'the like, having a pintle projecting from mner part of the cover to hold the cover in cavities, the covers abutting peripherally place. against the said annular ledges.

16. In a roll for paper-making machines or the like, the combination of a section of specification in the presence of two subscrib- 5 cylindrical'tubing, plugs in the ends of said ing witnesses.

tubing each having therein a plurality of outwardlv opening cavities parallel to the d BENJAMIN .COPPAGE' axis of the tubing, the said tubing project- Witnesses: ing beyond the plugs to form narrow an- H. J. FEENEY,

1d nular ledges, and covers for closing the said EDWARD MARTIN.

In testimony whereof I have signed this 

